The measure of development on a global scale is referred to as international development. The Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations are a set of targets and objectives to achieve long-term social, economic and political development. This is achieved with a focus on healthcare, education, gender equality, human rights, poverty reduction, infrastructure, etc. International aid to alleviate the issues surrounding a lack of development is generally a temporary measure. The long-term strategies focus on more culturally sensitive and economically and politically relevant projects that aim to empower women, care for the environment and strengthen local economies. Developing a sustainable and rights-based approach to development with an emphasis on capacity building is the fundamental step towards achieving international development. Human development is measured using a variety of indices such as life expectancy, national GDP, literacy rate, human development index, etc. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of international development. It brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of this field. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists, which will provide important insights into the domain of international development.